We need to ask how evolution has evolved into a mature philosophical and social science theory?As a concept originally from the West,how can it become a ideological weapon for Chinese people to transform the old world?What new forms and landscapes have emerged after the encounter between evolutionism and China,and how have they facilitated political,social,and ideological and cultural changes?What perspectives do people need to examine and reflect on today in order to obtain comprehensive and diverse intellectual resources?In response to the above questions,we invites five scholars,including Wang Zhongjiang,Chen Yun,Chen Jianhua,Lv Cunkai,and Liu Daxian,to explore the historical context,internal characteristics,related concepts,and contemporary interpretations of evolution and related discourse.