With the increasing pressure of global energy demand and environmental protection,the optimization of new energy transformer structure has been widely concerned.By optimizing the structure of the new energy transformer,its performance under short circuit conditions is improved.The problem of winding,iron core and insulation structure in short circuit is analyzed,and the solution strategy is put forward and its influence is evaluated.The purpose of this paper is to improve the mechanical strength,electrical performance and thermal management ability of transformers,extend the service life of equipment and reduce the operating cost,provide reference for the design and application of new energy transformers,and help the sustainable development of green energy.