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对毒品犯罪案件中法官运用经验法则的研究

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在刑事诉讼中,毒品犯罪由于证明难度较大,法官往往需求助于经验法则,通过经验法则的运用以有效打击毒品犯罪.经验法则在毒品犯罪案件证明中的价值主要体现在事实认定与证据评价两方面.在事实认定领域,经验法则主要作用于定罪事实与量刑事实的推定;在证据评价领域,经验法则主要被运用于评价毒品犯罪中被告人的供述和辩解、证人证言等言词证据的真伪.尽管经验法则在毒品犯罪中的运用具有重要价值,但因经验法则的运用尚处于探索阶段,目前法官在毒品犯罪案件中运用经验法则还存在一些误区,如运用不具有高度盖然性的经验、经验法则的运用范围不当、缺乏完善的程序保障经验法则的运用,以及封闭式运用经验法则等,需要采取一定的措施加以规制.因此,在运用经验法则时法官需要遵循一些原则,并规范经验法则的运用程序,以及规范裁判文书释理和赋予辩护方以经验法则为由上诉的救济权利等,以保障毒品犯罪案件中经验法则的合理运用,有效发挥经验法则在诉讼中的独特价值.
A Study on the Application of Rules of Thumb by Judges in Drug Offence Cases
In criminal proceedings of drug-related crimes,due to the difficulty in providing evidence,judges often need to apply the rule of thumb to effectively combat drug-related crimes.The value of the rule of thumb in the proof of drug-related crime cases is mainly embodied in two aspects:fact determina-tion and evidence evaluation.In terms of fact determination,the rule of thumb mainly acts on the pre-sumption of conviction facts and sentencing facts;in terms of evidence evaluation,the rule of thumb is mainly used to evaluate the authenticity of the defendant's confession and defense,witness testimony and other verbal evidence in drug-related crimes.Although the application of the rule of thumb in hearing ca-ses of drug-related crimes is of great value,there are still some misunderstandings of judges'application of the rule of thumb because the practical application is still in the exploratory stage.For example,the application of the rule of thumb is not highly probable,the application scope of the rule of thumb is inap-propriate,there is no perfect procedure to guarantee the application of the rule of thumb,and the rule of thumb is applied in a closed way.These problems need to be regulated with some measures.Therefore,when applying the rule of thumb,judges need to follow some principles,regulate the application proce-dure of the rule of thumb and the interpretation of judgment documents,and grant the defense the right of relief to appeal on the grounds of the rule of thumb,so as to ensure the reasonable application of the rule of thumb in hearing drug-related crime cases and effectively exert the unique value of the rule of thumb in litigation.

drug-related crimesexperiencethe rule of thumbjudicial proof

刘祎铭

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中国人民公安大学法学院,北京 100038

毒品犯罪 经验 经验法则 司法证明

2024

太原理工大学学报(社会科学版)
太原理工大学

太原理工大学学报(社会科学版)

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.218
ISSN:1009-5837
年,卷(期):2024.42(2)
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