Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia(GIA)or gastrointestinal vascular malformation(GIVM)is a disease that affects the entire digestive tract with lesions which are insidious,multiple,and easy to regenerate.The lesions usually lead to repeated latent gastrointestinal bleeding,especially in elderly patients.The main clinical features of this disorder are chronic gastrointestinal bleeding and refractory anemia.Previously,there was a lack of recognized effective and safe methods and drug interventions for the treatment of GIA.In recent years,observational studies and case reports have suggested that somatostatin analogues may be effective in the treatment of GIA bleeding,but there is a lack of double-blind randomized controlled study support.Traditional invasive treatment methods,such as angiographic embolization,endoscopic local therapy,and surgical resection,have limited therapeutic use in GIA.Recently,multicenter,double-blind,randomized controlled trials have confirmed that thalidomide has certain efficacy in reducing the incidence of rebleeding and the requirements for blood transfusion in GIA.This paper aimed to summarize the progress in the treatment of GIA and provide reference for clinicians.
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