联合国经济制裁人道主义豁免的美国"制造"与"续造"
The United States"Making"and"Remaking"of Humanitarian Exemption in the United Nations Economic Sanctions
蔡蕾1
作者信息
摘要
联合国安理会第2664号决议就资产冻结制裁规定了统一的人道主义豁免规则,增强了人道主义豁免的标准化和常设性.联合国人道主义豁免规则极有可能影响美国设计本国人道主义豁免机制,因此美国积极提出安理会第2664号决议草案,主导该决议的"制造",并将本国政策实践渗入该决议内容,推动本国人道主义豁免规则国际化.而安理会第2664号决议用语的模糊性为各国在执行层面的自由裁量留下空间,美国通过对该决议的解释、执行和内化,持续对联合国人道主义豁免规则进行"续造",这将塑造国际社会关于人道主义豁免的互动.对此,中国应继续坚持真正的多边主义,积极参与联合国安理会关于人道主义豁免的造法进程,完善本国执行联合国安理会制裁决议的机制,推动从根源上减少经济制裁对人道民生的负面影响.
Abstract
The Security Council Resolution 2664 establishes uniform rules on humanitarian exemption in the United Nations asset freeze sanctions,improving the standardization and permanence of humanitarian exemption.As the United Nations rules on humanitarian exemption are likely to influence the design of the United States humanitarian exemption mechanism,the United States has been actively spon-soring the draft resolution,taking the lead in the"making"of Resolution 2664,in-fusing its own policy and practice into the content of this resolution,and promoting the internationalization of its own rules on humanitarian exemption.The ambiguity of the terms of Resolution 2664 leaves room for the discretionary power of Mem-ber States at the implementation level.By interpreting,implementing and internaliz-ing the resolution,the United States continues to"remake"the United Nations rules on humanitarian exemption,which will shape the international community's interac-tion on humanitarian exemption.In this regard,China should continue to adhere to true multilateralism,actively participate in the Security Council's law-making pro-cess on humanitarian exemption,improve its own mechanism for the implementation of the Security Council sanction resolutions,and promote the reduction of the nega-tive impact of economic sanctions on humanitarianism and livelihood at source.
关键词
经济制裁/人道主义豁免/安理会第2664号决议Key words
economic sanctions/humanitarian exemption/the Security Coun-cil resolution 2664引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(23&ZD167)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据