涉印度国际投资仲裁裁决的执行问题研究
Study on Legal Issues of the Enforcement of India-related International Investment Arbitral Awards
连俊雅 1赵安俞1
作者信息
摘要
印度对国际投资仲裁的态度转向消极,拒绝主动执行国际投资仲裁裁决.胜诉的外国投资者无论是在印度还是在其他国家申请强制执行涉印度国际投资仲裁裁决均面临法律困境,鲜有成功.尤其是,印度不是《华盛顿公约》的缔约国,并在《纽约公约》中作了商事和互惠保留,且相关双边投资协定对国际投资仲裁裁决执行的规定过于简单,国内法中关于国际投资仲裁裁决执行的规定缺失,以及外国投资者面临"揭开公司面纱"原则适用难度大和国家豁免问题,这些都成为涉印度国际投资仲裁裁决执行的主要法律障碍.随着中国投资者与印度投资争端的增多,诉诸国际投资仲裁将成为中国投资者的重要救济手段.为应对涉印度国际投资仲裁裁决执行难的问题,建议中国与印度协商签订新双边投资协定时明确投资争端属于商事争议,并增加国际投资仲裁裁决执行条款,同时强化磋商、调解在国际投资争端解决中的重要作用.
Abstract
India's attitude towards international investment arbitration has turned to be negative and it refuses to voluntarily comply with international invest-ment arbitral awards.Foreign investors as the prevailing party seeking to enforce India-related international investment arbitral awards in India or elsewhere face le-gal difficulties and are rarely successful.In particular,India is not a contracting party to the Washington Convention,and has made commercial and reciprocity res-ervations to the New York Convention,as well as quite simple provisions on the enforcement of international investment arbitral awards in BITs.Besides,India has no law on the enforcement of international investment arbitral awards,and foreign investors have great difficulties in persuading courts to pierce the corporate veil and face the application of sovereign immunity in the enforcement of international investment arbitral awards.These have become major legal obstacles for foreign in-vestors to enforce India-related international investment arbitral awards.With the in-creasing number of investment disputes between Chinese investors and Indian gov-ernment,resorting to international investment arbitration will become an important approach for Chinese investors to protect their interests.In order to solve the legal difficulties that Chinese investors will confront with in enforcing India-related inter-national investment arbitral awards,it is suggested that China and India negotiate a new bilateral investment treaty,and the new BIT should make it clear that"invest-ment disputes"in the bilateral investment treaty belong to commercial disputes of New York Convention,add one clause on the enforcement of investment arbitral awards,and strengthen the important roles of consultation and mediation in the set-tlement of international investment disputes.
关键词
国际投资仲裁/国际投资仲裁裁决的执行/纽约公约/中印双边投资协定Key words
international investment arbitration/enforcement of international investment arbitral awards/The New York Convention/China-India bilateral invest-ment treaty引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CFX087)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据