国际法院临时措施中的可信度审查:追溯与展望
Plausibility Test in Provisional Measures of the International Court of Justice:Retrospect and Prospect
黄德明 1赖美杉2
作者信息
- 1. 武汉大学国际法研究所
- 2. 武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院、国家领土主权与海洋权益协同创新中心
- 折叠
摘要
当前国际法院临时措施制度中最活跃的问题之一,是对申请国权利的可信度审查.对申请国"权利存在可能性"的审查,经历了从考量因素到独立要件的演变.可信度审查是指在法律框架内,判断申请国权利主张处于从不可信到确定真实之间的某一位态,并据此决定法院应否对此权利主张采取保护行动.可信度审查有助于弥合临时措施制度的价值冲突,在国际法人本化的背景下,其对平衡国际法院不同角色间的职能冲突亦有重要意义.国际法院在进行可信度审查的过程中,形成了以权利为审查内容、是否满足证据要求由法官自由裁量的审查模式.为提升临时措施裁决的确定性,可增加"权衡"步骤对临时措施要件进行综合考量.
Abstract
One of the most active issues in the legal regime of provisional measures in the International Court of Justice today is the plausible test of the rights of the applicant State.The examination of the"probability of the existence of rights"of the applicant state has evolved from an element of consideration to an independent element.The plausibility test refers to the determination of the right claimed by applicant state which ranges from"the right that is not plausible"to"the right that is certain to be true"within the legal framework,and whether the court should take protective action in response to this claim.The emergence of the plausibility test has helped to resolve the conflict of values in the provisional mea-sures system.In the context of the humanisation of international law,the plausibili-ty test is of great significance in balancing the conflicting functions of the different roles of the International Court of Justice.In applying the plausibility test,the Inter-national Court of Justice has developed a model of review in which the content of the review is"rights"and the judge has discretion to determine whether the eviden-tiary requirements have been met.In order to enhance the certainty of provisional measures decisions,the"balance of interests"step can be added to comprehensive-ly consider the provisional measures requirements.
关键词
临时措施/国际法院/可信度审查/权衡步骤Key words
provisional measures/International Court of Justice/plausibility re-view/balance of interests step引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
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NSTL
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