Is the Evaluation of American Principals Becoming More and More Scientific?——An Analysis Based on the Changes in Effective Principal Standards and Principal Evaluation Methods in the United States
The scientific evaluation criteria of American principals mainly stem from the deepening of people's understanding of the responsibilities of principals,which is mani-fested as follows:the standards of effective principals change with the change of principals'responsibilities,from"relatively simple"to"flexible and diverse",and begin to have situa-tional and transformative characteristics,so that the evaluation standards of American prin-cipals become more and more scientific.The scientific evaluation method of American prin-cipals is mainly driven by the external situation,which is manifested in the following:under the influence of educational accountability,evidence-based education and other policy situ-ations,the evaluation methods of American principals have successively undergone the change process of"excellent principal trait evaluation","successful principal behavior eval-uation","principal performance evaluation based on professional standards"and"evi-dence-based support of principal effectiveness evaluation",but the evaluation methods of American principals have not become more and more scientific.this is because the policy is ahead of the research,so that the results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of principals based on student performance may not be accurate,and the evaluation methods of principal effectiveness that emphasize"evidence-based support"may not be objective.This suggests that a more scientific evaluation of principal effectiveness should be guided by the study of principal leadership effectiveness,and"reliable evidence"should be used cautiously.
United Stateseffective principal standardsprincipal's evaluation meth-odologyscientific evaluation
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