繁荣表象下的暗流涌动:印度私立基础教育发展的问题、成因及举措
The Undercurrents Beneath the Surface of Pros-perity:Problems,Causes and Measures of the Development of Private Basic Education in India
王建梁 1刘晨曦1
作者信息
- 1. 华中师范大学教育学院,湖北武汉 430079
- 折叠
摘要
私立基础教育几乎占据了印度基础教育系统的半壁江山,日益成为印度社会关注的焦点问题.在印度私立基础教育的繁荣表象背后,仍然存在低收人群体获得优质教育的机会遭受损害、教育公平的补偿原则未得到充分遵循、私立学校的绝对质量仍不尽如人意等问题,原因在于监管体系繁冗失衡、配额政策制定不完备、强制规定私立学校的非营利性.为促进私立基础教育的高质量发展,印度政府积极采取对策:政府加强顶层设计,为改革学校监管体系提供政策指引;设立邦学校标准局,制定学校质量评估与保障框架;加强录取监管与成果监测,敦促邦政府规范报销.这为我国提供了三点启示:树立全局观念,提高民办基础教育政策制定与实施的系统性与协同性;对民办基础教育实施坚持学习成果导向的质量评估监测,避免利益冲突;优化完善政府购买民办义务教育学位机制,进一步推进义务教育优质均衡发展.
Abstract
Private basic education,which constitutes almost half of India's basic edu-cation system,is increasingly becoming a major concern for Indian society.Behind the boom in private basic education in India,the access of low-income groups to quality educa-tion has been compromised,the principle of compensatory equity in education has not been fully respected,and the absolute quality of private schools remains unsatisfactory,owing to a cumbersome and imbalanced regulatory system,an incomplete policy on quotas,and the mandatory non-profit nature of private schools.In order to promote the high-quality devel-opment of private basic education,the Indian government has actively taken countermea-sures:the government has strengthened the top-level design to provide policy guidelines for reforming the school regulatory system;set up the State School Standards Authority to devel-op a framework for assessing and guaranteeing the quality of schools;and strengthened the regulation of admissions and monitoring of results,urging the state government to stan-dardise reimbursement.This provides three lessons for China:establish a holistic view and improve the systemic and synergistic nature of policy formulation and implementation in pri-vate basic education;implement quality assessment and monitoring of private basic educa-tion that adheres to a learning outcomes-oriented approach,so as to avoid conflicts of inter-est;and optimise and improve the mechanism for the Government's purchase of private compulsory school places,so as to further promote the high-quality and balanced develop-ment of compulsory education.
关键词
印度/私立教育/基础教育/配额政策Key words
India/private education/basic education/quota policy引用本文复制引用
基金项目
2022年度国家社会科学基金教育学重点项目(AFA220024)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据