Motivations,Measures and Logic of Doctoral Education Reform in Nordic Countries——Based on the Examination of Sweden,Norway,Finland and Denmark
In the era of globalization and knowledge economy,doctoral education has increasingly become an important engine promoting and leading the economic and social de-velopment of countries,and enhancing and strengthening the sustainable capacity of nation-al development.Many countries are actively reforming doctoral education to enhance their global competitiveness and national development resilience.Driven by the multiple de-mands of enhancing national innovation capacity,integrating into the Bologna Process,and responding to the internal challenges of doctoral education,Sweden,Norway,Finland,and Denmark have undertaken extensive and profound reforms of doctoral education.The mea-sures of doctoral education reform in Nordic countries include the structuralization of doc-toral training models,the diversification of training orientations,the internationalization of training processes,the integration of training resources,and the coordination of training mechanisms.They follow the inherent logic of improving process quality,optimizing train-ing efficiency,and enhancing developmental resilience to cope with the multiple challenges of globalization and the knowledge economy era,and to achieve sustainable development.
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