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本能

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"本能"是区分或关联人与动物的基本概念,看似不言自明,其实很难把握.它经历了漫长的概念演进过程,曾在自然/本性、刺激/灵感、自然本能、驱力、行为等诸多概念之间辗转,也曾在达尔文的进化论中驻足.在当下有关生命和动物问题的讨论中,本能概念的必要性和复杂性再度凸显,可谓其在人性与动物性之辨中起落沉浮的写照.本能的本质还悬而未决,概念演进之旅也远未告终.漫游在上述各概念之间,我们会发现,围绕本能的讨论形成了一个"西方哲学的人类学机器"贯穿始终的引力场,本能就是这一人类学机器孕育出的"临界概念".
Instinct:A Keyword in Critical Theory
As a fundamental concept for distinguishing humans from or associating them with animals,instinct is more challenging to comprehend than it appears.Once found its place within Darwin's theory of evolution,instinct has undergone a lengthy process of conceptual evolution,traversing between φ(υ)σι(ς),instinctus,instinctu naturae,Trieb,and behavior.In current discussions concerning life and animals,the necessity and complexity of the instinct concept are once again highlighted,reflecting its ebb and flow in the protracted debate about the relationship between humanity and animality.The essence of instinct remains undecided,and its journey of conceptual evolution is far from concluded.As we meander through the aforementioned concepts,we may discover that discussions surrounding instinct have formed a gravitational field pervaded by the"Western philosophy's anthropological machine,"and instinct can be seen as a"Grenzbegriff"produced by this machine.

InstinctevolutionDarwinφ(υ)σι(ς)instinctusTriebbehaviorlife

郭峰

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北京外国语大学外国文学研究所,北京 100089

本能 进化 达尔文 自然本性 刺激 驱力 行为 生命

2024

外国文学
北京外国语大学

外国文学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.384
ISSN:1002-5529
年,卷(期):2024.(3)