现实主义小说或现代讽刺
Realistic Novels or Modern Satire
菲利普·杜福尔 1张贝 2曹丹红2
作者信息
- 1. 法国图尔大学
- 2. 南京大学外国语学院
- 折叠
摘要
19世纪法国现实主义可以被定义为某种语调:嘲讽.巴尔扎克认为这种语调是历史的要求.现实主义作家并不将自己视作启发读者、描画未来蓝图的先知.1830年革命后,当资产阶级自由主义民主试图强加自己的模型时,现实主义作家指出了现实的困境.现实主义式嘲讽与启蒙时代伏尔泰的反讽有根本差别,后者奠基于真理与谎言的截然区分之上,是好战的,以确定性的名义行事,为进步而斗争.前者则属于某种彻底的怀疑主义.小说的对话性不应理解为对民主精神(通过视角的多元化来关注多样性)的赞扬,而应理解为对社会话语的总体讽刺,这一社会话语是种巨大的众生喧哗.本论文意图界定的,正是这一"抽离"美学.
Abstract
The French realism of the 19th century could be defined by one tone:mockery.According to Balzac,it was determined by history.The realist writer did not see himself as a romantic mage destined to enlighten his reader or chart the paths of the future.Instead,he pointed out the dead ends of the present,while the bourgeois liberal democracy sought to im-pose its model after the revolution of 1830.This mockery differs greatly from Voltaire's irony during the Enlightenment,which was combative,exercised in the name of certainties,with a clear distinction between truth and lies,and militant for progress.Realist mockery is paired with radical skepticism.The very dialogism of the novel is not to be understood as a celebra-tion of democratic spirit(acknowledging plurality through diverse points of view),but as a global satire of social discourse,a vast cacophony.This aesthetic of disengagement is what we seek to characterize.
关键词
巴尔扎克/司汤达/福楼拜/讽刺/复调/民主Key words
Balzac/Stendhal/Flaubert/satire/polyphony/democracy引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据