我们能与微生物共存吗?——马克·吐温《微生物中的三千年》中的伦理困境
Can we coexist with microbes?——The ethical dilemma in Mark Twain's Three Thousand Years among Microbes
林家钊1
作者信息
摘要
马克·吐温晚年科幻作品《微生物中的三千年》创作于微生物大发现时代,他从微生物学家赫伯特·科恩获得创作灵感,虚构出哈克的细菌"变形记".微生物学家科恩将微生物伦理观建构在人类利益基础上,强调部分细菌对人类的有益性而将细菌纳入人类伦理结构中,吐温在部分延续科恩科学伦理架构的同时,利用文学想象进入微生物虚拟时空,挑战人文主义对世界图景、人类形象的设定,展开人与致病微生物之间的激进后人文伦理协商,回答人类是否可以与微生物共存的问题.
Abstract
Mark Twain composes his sci-fiction Three Thousand Years among Microbes in the era of great discovery of micro-organisms.Being inspired by microbiologist Herbert Conn's scientific discourse,Twain creates in his fantasy writing the protagonist Huck's experience of"The Metamorphosis"in a bacterial world.As the Muse of Twain,Conn successfully incorporates bacteria into the human ethical structure by continuously emphasizing the benefits of some bacteria for human beings.While partially affirming and continuing with Cohen's ethical structure,Twain also fiercely questions and tries to completely deconstruct the human-centered paradigm and seeks the possibility of human beings co-existing with pathogenic microorganisms.
关键词
马克·吐温/《微生物中的三千年》/物种伦理/物种共存Key words
Mark Twain/Three Thousand Years among Microbes/species ethics/species coexistence引用本文复制引用
基金项目
2023年度国家社会科学基金青年项目(23CWW015)
2022年度广东省普通高校青年创新人才类项目(2022WQNCX060)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据