Microbial Fuel Cells(MFCs)hold great promise as a sustainable source of renewable energy,but their low electricity generation efficiency remains a key obstacle to practical applications.An effective strategy for enhancing elec-tron transfer is to modify the anode materials.This study utilized a simple binder method to prepare GAC anode materials modified with nano-Fe3O4.The resulting Fe3O4/GAC anode significantly increased the maximum power density of the MFCs,from 472.87 mW/m2 to 1 373.08 mW/m2,nearly 1.9 times higher.The modified material exhibited a rougher surface and more pores around the Fe3O4,facilitating the attachment of microorganisms.Fe3O4 improved the electrical conductivity of the anode,resulting in enhanced enrichment of Geobacter on the anode surface and promoting direct elec-tron transfer.Based on the microbial cell density and relative abundance on the anode surface,there was a 40-fold increase in Geobacter on the Fe3O4/GAC compared to the GAC anode.These results demonstrated that using Fe3O4/GAC com-posites as anodes was a promising and cost-effective approach for enhancing MFC power generation and could potentially improve MFC anode performance.
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