Beyond Transparency:New Enlightenment of Contemporary Research on Self-Knowledge in Inference
In philosophy,"self-knowledge"standardly refers to knowledge of one's own sensations,thoughts,beliefs,and other mental states.The prevailing view is that people acquire self-knowledge by inner observation,and that self-knowledge is characterized by immediacy and transparency.Recently,some researchers have argued that inference can become another effective way when acquiring self-knowledge.Lawler,Cassam,and Lynch have absorbed and modified Ryle's criticized traditional inferentialism view,proposing that self-knowledge is the inference from evidence,such as internal promptings and behavioral evidence.Neo-inferentialists point out that we cannot be absolutely correct and rational in the attribution of our own mental state as we think,and they reply to the objections faced by the traditional inferentialism,and proof for its own rationality.It helps making neo-inferentialism a new effective source of self-knowledge instead of a supplementary evidence,but also filling the gap between inner observation and the phenomenon of self-deception,and making great efforts to eliminate the discrimination from popular opinion on inferentialism.
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