The emancipation of labor subjects caused by digital technology is a topic of the times that needs to be responded to the development of Marxist theory.Western autonomism Marxist scholars represented by Negri and Hart believe that digital labor as immaterial labor will produce a new liberated subject,and on this basis,they put forward the Utopian fantasy of absolute democracy.In fact,digital labor is still controlled by the logic of capital and cannot surpass industrial labor.At the same time,the"multitude"as the newly liberated subjects cannot form a firm liberating force,and the excessive pursuit of absolute democracy of difference can only be reduced to Utopian illusions.Here,we should face up to the possibility of liberation brought by digital technology from the perspective of historical materialism and political economy,and recognize the problem of exploitation hidden under the logic of digital capital.