Preparation of Cross-Linked Porous Carbon Nanofiber Networks by Electrospinning Method and Their Electrochemical Capacitive Behaviors
Cross-linked porous carbon nanofiber networks were successfully prepared by electrospinning followed by preoxidation and carbonization using low-cost melamine and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as precursors.The structures and morphologies of the nanofiber networks were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption/desorption.The carbon fibers had an interconnected nanofibrous morphology with a well-developed porous structure including micropores, mesopores and macropores, high-level nitrogen doping (up to 14.3％), and a small average diameter (about 89 nm).Without activation, the carbon nanofibers had a high specific capacitance of 194 F · g-1 at a current density of 0.05A· g-1.Cycling experiments showed that the specific capacitance retained approximately 99.2％ of the initial capacitance after 1000 cycles at a current density of 2 A· g-1, indicating an excellent electrochemical performance.
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