SWOT Analysis and Development Strategies of Railway Cross-border E-commerce Logistics
In recent years,with the continuous growth of residents'income and the maturity of the cross-border e-commerce market,the scale of cross-border e-commerce transactions and user groups have expand-ed substantially.According to statistics,in 2019,the overseas shopping market in China was near 160 million person-times,and the cross-border e-commerce transaction volume exceeded RMB 10 trillion yuan,giving evidence that the cross-border e-commerce market is huge and has strong demand in China.With the vigorous development of the cross-border e-commerce industry,cross-border logistics servic-es in support to cross-border e-commerce have also come to the forefront.However,the huge demand for cross-border e-commerce at present does not match the current modes of logistics and transportation services,which is reflected in problems such as long shipping time,high freight,inability to provide full-coverage trans-portation services,and questionable transportation quality,etc.As cross-border e-commerce continues to grow in recent years,the cross-border e-commerce logistics model has also undergone profound change,es-pecially when,with the progress of the"Belt and Road"strategy,many domestic cities have successively launched China-Europe freight trains to foreign destinations along the Belt and Road.However,due to the different levels of railway infrastructure in the Belt and Road countries and the lack of uniform and coordinated policies,the China-Europe trains still have problems such as inconsistent standards,unconcentrated cargo sources,empty back haul,and low efficiency,etc,which urgently require improvement and regulation.In the context of the prosperous development of the cross-border e-commerce industry in the new era,with the China-Europe freight train as the example,this paper introduced the general development status of the railway cross-border e-commerce logistics industry,and through analysis,pointed out its advantages such as high overall energy efficiency and positive impact on the cross-border e-commerce development in Chi-na's backward areas,as well as its many disadvantages,including lack of support for the sustainable develop-ment of China-Europe freight trains due to imbalance of regional transport capacity,lack of policy support,and lack of price and cost competitiveness,etc.Next,it introduced the development opportunities the One Belt and One Road Initiative,the development of transportation infrastructure,and relevant national policy guarantees brought to the China-Europe trains,and pointed out the potential threats to the healthy develop-ment of the China-Europe trains,such as political,economic and social factors of the Belt and Road countries,suboptimal supporting policies,and under-supply of railway cross-border e-commerce logistics talents,etc.Finally,in light of the result of the above SWOT analysis,relevant countermeasures and suggestions were given to enhance the competitive advantage of the railway-based cross-border e-commerce system,including rein-forcing policy support to improve cross-sectoral coordination;strengthening international cooperation to pro-mote higher level transportation service models;introducing in market mechanism to improve the competi-tiveness of the railway-based cross-border e-commerce logistics system;and strengthening technological in-novation and talent training.The authors of this paper believe that the railway-based cross-border e-commerce logistics system as represented by the China-Europe freight trains could not only offer a new transportation option for the for-eign trade sector of China,but also,along with the sea,land and air-based transportation methods,promote the rationalization,cost reduction and efficiency augmentation of the Chinese logistics transportation system.From an international perspective,although the China-Europe trains have yet to achieve significant economic results as of yet,they can still avail as a new transportation option for the cross-border e-commerce businesses in China and Europe and facilitate the output of the surplus production capacity of China to relatively back-ward regions in Central Asia,which has far-reaching economic impact.From a political perspective,the Chi-na-Europe train,as the highlight of the Belt and Road Initiative,carries self-evident political import,and the high-quality and regular operation of the China-Europe train is providing a positive brand image and national image of China to countries along the Belt and Road and even across the world,further promoting the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative and the close cooperation among Belt and Road countries.
railway cross-border logisticscross-border e-commerceSWOT analysisOne Belt and One RoadChina-Europe train
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