Reverse Logistics Network Optimization of Steel Recycling Enterprises in Context of "Carbon Peaking and Neutrality"
Since the proposal of the carbon peaking and neutrality objective,the construction of an effective reverse logistics system has received great attention from all sectors of society.According to statistics,the steel-making industry accounts for 15%-20%of the total carbon emissions in China.Since industrial practice shows that each ton of scrap steel treated through the scrap steel reverse logistics process can cut back carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4 tons,there is huge room for carbon emissions reduction by scrap steel recycling.Therefore,re-search on optimization of the scrap steel reverse logistics network will help improve the utilization rate of scrap steel resources and achieve the goal of energy conservation and emissions reduction.Focusing on the reverse logistics system of the scrap steel enterprise,with the goal of minimizing the carbon emission costs and other economic costs during network construction and operation,we proceed to optimize the decisions of the scrap steel reverse logistics network on facility location selection,and cargo flow distribu-tion,etc.,and,taking into account constraints such as flow balance,base capacity,and vehicle capacity,etc.,construct a scrap steel enterprise reverse logistics network optimization model.Since the scrap steel reverse lo-gistics network optimization problem is essentially an NP-hard problem of joint facility location and cargo flow distribution optimization,it is very difficult to solve if only exact algorithms and no heuristic algorithm are used.Therefore,a double-layer nested heuristic algorithm is designed based on the genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm,where the genetic algorithm on the outer layer determines the site selection plan,which is then fed to the inner layer ant colony algorithm to derive the cargo flow distribution plan and then returned to the outer layer genetic algorithm to obtain the final target value.The final solution can be obtained after multi-ple iterations of the above process.Finally,a numerical analysis is conducted on the reverse logistics network of a scrap steel enterprise in Jiangsu area,which verifies the feasibility of the model and the algorithm,and draws some practical management impli-cations.The calculation results can provide effective decision-making support for the construction and opera-tion of the reverse logistics network of scrap steel enterprises:scrap steel recycling enterprises can rationally for-mulate recycling plans based on the recycling volume of the processing base to improve the recycling quality of scrap steel;scrap steel processing and sorting enterprises can,according to the needs of steel manufacturing en-terprises,effectively formulate processing plans to improve the efficiency and benefits of scrap steel processing;steel manufacturing enterprises can directly use the processed scrap steel from the scrap steel processing base to improve the scrap steel utilization rate and increase the marginal benefits of steel production;at the same time,an industrial alliance composed of steel manufacturing enterprises can make decisions based on the reverse lo-gistics network optimization results,to rationally allocate resources,scientifically schedule delivery vehicles,en-sure the production order of internal enterprises,and create greater profit margins.In addition,through ex-panded analysis,it is found that rational facility location and cargo flow distribution,as well as increased propor-tion of railway freight,will help reduce the carbon emissions cost of the logistics network;the introduction of new energy vehicles will have significant impact on the network optimization results,and can further reduce network carbon emissions.
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