Design of Resilient Sustainable Supply Chain for Preventing Production Disruption
With the development of economic globalization,modern supply chain members are increas-ingly dependent on each other.Aiming at the two-level supply chain consisting of manufacturing enterpris-es and retailers,and considering that manufacturing enterprises will be affected by disruption risks such as emergencies and market fluctuations,we quantified the impact as loss of production capacity,and introduced two resilient strategies,namely facility reinforcement and additional production capacity,in supply chain de-sign.Moreover,considering that the actual additional production capacity will also be affected by the disruption risks,we introduced the fuzzy demand parameter and combined the three sustainable dimensions of society,economy and environment to build a mathematical model of multi-product resilient sustainable supply chain.Firstly,with the objectives of minimizing operating cost and carbon emission and maximizing social bene-fit of the supply chain,using scenario analysis and considering three typical disruption scenarios,we estab-lished a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming model.Next,we dealt with the fuzzy demand parameters with chance constrained programming,and weighted and summed said three objective functions so as to transform the multi-objective model into a single objective model.Then,based on examples of dif-ferent scales,we carried out a simulation experiment,solved the model by using the Cplex solver,and ob-tained the calculation result for the corresponding examples based on the resilient strategy,which verified the effectiveness of the model.Finally,we conducted a sensitivity analysis,and analyzed the impact of objective weight,availability of resilient strategies for the changes of disruption probability(respectively being no strate-gy,reinforcement only,additional capacity only,and both),retailers'minimum demand satisfaction rate and the confidence level generated by fuzzy demand parameters in the model on the objectives of the sustainable development of the society,economy and environment.The result shows that the degree of enterprises'emphasis on economic,environmental and social objec-tives will affect the final solution of the model.With the increase of the disruption risks,adopting a variety of resilient strategies can reduce the impact of the disruption risks and bring higher economic,environmental and social benefits to the enterprises.Higher satisfaction rate of customers'minimum demand is not always good news,and higher resilience will lead to higher economic and environmental burden.In addition,the confidence degree of fuzzy constraints will also affect the results of the model.The above research can provide enterprises with some management insights:enterprises should appropri-ately set objective weights and satisfaction rate of customers'minimum demand,etc.according to their own development strategies and business conditions,adopt appropriate resilient strategies to prevent disruption,and balance the resilience and sustainability of the supply chain so as to make decisions in line with the actual situation.
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