Research on Optimization of Three-dimensional Irregular Stacking of Electronic Components
As the market scale of electronic products in China gradually increases,the market demand for small,lightweight,and portable electronic products is also gradually rising.This paper addresses the three-di-mensional irregular stacking problem of electronic product components,and approaches the issue from three aspects:the presentation of three-dimensional irregular parts,selectable postures,and interference handling methods.By combining the non-interference constraint and practical constraint during the stacking process,it calculates the minimum surface area or volume of the irregular parts and provides a non-interfering and compact stacking scheme for a set of such irregular parts in three-dimensional space.The research methods used in this paper are as follows:First,this paper introduces the concept of embed-ding degree to address the interference problem of three-dimensional irregular objects.The embedding de-gree refers to the maximum distance at which two irregular objects can embed each other in a specific pos-ture,providing a special handling method for the orthogonal placement of three-dimensional irregular ob-jects in space.By introducing the concept of embedding degree,it offers a new solution for the optimization of three-dimensional irregular stacking.Secondly,this paper designs a differential evolution algorithm based on the principle of minimum potential energy,which starts placing irregular objects from the lower-left cor-ner of the coordinate system and iteratively adjusts the placement of irregular objects based on the principle of minimizing gravitational potential energy,thereby obtaining better solutions in large-scale cases.Com-pared to traditional linear programming methods,the proposed meta-heuristic algorithm can handle more complex and larger-scale irregular part stacking problems.Finally,this paper solves existing experimental cas-es based on the established mathematical model and heuristic method and compared the solution quality and efficiency of different methods,finding that linear programming is suitable for solving optimal solutions for small-scale cases but is limited when dealing with large-scale cases;in contrast,the heuristic method can handle large-scale problems but have lower solution efficiency.The experimental results indicate that the solutions obtained from the mathematical programming model based on embedding degree and heuristic method can reduce the final volume of the electronic product stack compared to manual placement.This can provide ideas and directions for improving the layout design of electronic products,as well as offer new solutions for the stacking problem of irregular objects.
3D irregular stacking probleminterference handlingheuristic methoddifferential evolution algorithm
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