Abstract
Wearable sensing systems have been designed to monitor health conditions in real-time by detecting analytes in human biofluids.Wound diagno-sis remains challenging,necessitating suitable materials for high-performance wearable sensors to offer prompt feedback.Existing devices have limitations in measuring pH and the concentration of pH-dependent electroactive species simultaneously,which is crucial for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of wound status and optimizing biosensors.Therefore,improving materials and analysis system accuracy is essential.This article introduces the first example of a flexible array capable of detecting pyocyanin,a bacterial virulence factor,while correcting dynamic pH fluctuations.We demonstrate that this combined sensor enhances accuracy by mitigating the impact of pH variability on pyo-cyanin sensor response.Customized screen-printable inks were developed to enhance analytical performance.The analytical performances of two sensitive sensor systems(i.e.,fully-printed porous graphene/multiwalled carbon nano-tube(CNT)and polyaniline/CNT composites for pyocyanin and pH sensors)are evaluated.Partialleast square regression is employed to analyze nonzero-order data arrays from square wave voltammetric and potentiometric measurements of pyocyanin and pH sensors to establish a predictive model for pyocyanin concentration in complex fluids.This sensitive and effective strategy shows potential for per-sonalized applications due to its affordability,ease of use,and ability to adjust for dynamic pH changes.
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