Looking up various contemporary dictionaries,the cognition of the word"history"can be summarized into two definitions:one is the definition of"history"itself,which is"the development process of nature and human society",or"past facts"and"past existence";the other is the definition of"history",which is"the recording of past facts".Such cognition of"history"has been solidified in people's minds,in fact,it is only a description of the surface meaning of"his-tory"in intuition,and in Liang Qichao's words,it is only the cognition of"anatomy"of history lack of philosophical im-plication and cannot clarify the nature of history.On the basis of Liang Qichao's"bird's-eye view"observation method,"what history is"can be clearly understood and summarized in one sentence:"Objects,people and things that exist within a certain range of time and space are history",that is,the essence of history exists in a certain range of space and time or the two conditions for the existence of history is time and space,and both are indispensable.Because space is infinite,people cannot perceive its changes for a short time;plus time is a vector,always flying in one direction along a straight line,or,time passes away instantly never back more,so the history in time is unknowable.The history we know is the memory left by human beings after the invention of language and writing;the known history of human society is only 5,000 to 10,000 years,because the production of fluent language is only 10,000 years,and the production of writing is only 5,000 years,that is,the lost original ecological history is no longer known,and the known history is the history that historians reproduce with the historical memory recorded in language and writing.In addition,there is only one version of the original history,while the reproduction history left by the language can have several versions,and therefore,historical research is to study the known replica history,reveal the author's view of history,sublimate the replica history by inference,and make it infi-nitely close to the whole original history.
historyhistory researchbird's-eye viewanatomyreplica historythe replica history by inference
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