In order to broaden the depth and width of the study of Historical Records,and then promote its dissemina-tion and inheritance,from the perspective of cognitive linguistics,based on the consideration of metaphor as the contrast of words,the interaction of ideas and the means of cognition,adopted Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphor mapping the-ory,this paper studies the metaphorical mechanism of Historical Recordsfrom three aspects at the macro level and from six aspects at the micro level,that is,idealism in romance,compassion in tragedy,and criticism in satire,orientational,onto-logical,structural,syntagmatic,paradigmatic,and complex compound metaphor etc.Finally,three conclusions were reached.First,although Sima Qian did not put forward any metaphor theory,his narrative style in Historical Recordscon-tains rich metaphorical thoughts.Second,metaphor runs through the three major narrative types of romance,tragedy,and satire in Historical Records,respectively metaphorizing Sima Qian's idealism,compassion,and criticism.Third,Historical Recordsis not only good at using the basic metaphors proposed by contemporary scholars such as orientational metaphor,on-tological metaphor and structural metaphor,but also using extended metaphors such as syntagmatic metaphor,paradigmatic metaphor,and complex compound metaphor creatively and skillfully.It can be seen that Sima Qian is not only a master of history-recording and literary writing,but also a great metaphorist of his generation.
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