摘要
唐代辽东之役战事本身之外,更需重点关注的是其在东部欧亚地区引发的多层联动.因东征唐军的胡汉混融特征,草原各族皆随唐朝大纛而动:汉军将士与突厥、契丹、奚、秣鞨诸部,乃至高昌、粟特、羌、蛮诸蕃兵将共同出征,一部分高句丽人、百济人和全部新罗军队也在唐军序列,辽东之役由此成为聚集北部边疆诸多人群向东部边疆移动的大规模军事行动.另一个层面,唐太宗亲率大军出师后,突厥故地的薛延陀与高句丽暗通款曲并南下骚扰,唐朝北边政策因之而有对应调整;吐蕃密切关注东边战事,唐蕃关系随之而动.唐高宗时代辽东之役范围扩大至朝鲜半岛及其海域,百济被渡海攻灭,倭国也遭受重创,高句丽在内外夹击中覆亡,新罗百般攫取辽东之役战果,契丹复在营州掀起反唐浪潮,辽西秣鞨等杂合势力趁机在辽东北部建立渤海国,唐朝安东都护府等羁縻府州因之动荡.这一系列局势变化之中,唐朝既是发轫者,也是应对者,中央-边疆-域外形成多层联动.唐代在辽东的战事造成东部欧亚广域范围发生连环性波动,环环相扣,这一现象反映出唐朝在东部欧亚的中心地位.
Abstract
In addition to the Tang Dynasty's Liaodong War itself,what needs to be paid more attention to is the issue of multi-level linkage in the Eastern Eurasian region it triggered.The paper reveals that due to the mixed characteristics of Hu and Han in the Eastern Expeditionary Army of Tang,all ethnic groups on the grassland moved with the command flag of the Tang Dynasty:the soldiers of the Han army,along with the Turkic,Khitan,Xi,Mohe tribes,as well as various ethnic minority soldiers such as Gaochang,Sute,Qiang,and Man,would jointly embark on the expedition.Some Koguryo,Baekje,and all Silla troops were also included in the Tang army's sequence.As a result,the Liaodong War became a large-scale military operation that gathered many people from the northern border to move towards the eastern border.On the other hand,after Emperor Taizong of Tang personally led his army to join forces,Xue Yantuo from the Turkic homeland secretly colluded with Koguryo and harassed the Central Plains.As a result,the northern policy of the Tang Dynasty was correspondingly adjusted.The Tubo closely monitored the war in the east,and the relationship between Tang and Tubo was also affected.During the reign of Emperor Gaozong,the scope of the Liaodong War expanded to the Korean Peninsula and its coastal areas.Baekje was conquered by crossing the sea,and the Japan was also severely damaged.Koguryo was defeated by internal and external attacks,and Silla made every effort to seize the fruits of the Liaodong War.The Khitan Rebellion sparked a wave of anti-Tang rebellion in Yingzhou.The Mohe and other mixed forces in Liaoxi seized that opportunity to establish a Bohai regime in the northern part of Liaodong,and Andong Protectorate and other Jimi prefectures were in turmoil.In this series of changes in the situation,the Tang Dynasty was both the initiator and the responder,forming a multi-level linkage between the central,border,and external regions.The war had caused a series of fluctuations and interlocking phenomena in the wide area of Eastern Eurasia,which reflected the essence of the Tang Dynasty's central position in Eastern Eurasia.
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维普
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