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存在与意义

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以人与人之间的交往为形式,人的存在蕴含不同方面,这种存在形态对意义的追寻具有主导性.人不仅思考世界的意义,而且探寻自身"在"世的意义.意义总是相对于人而言,在认知的层面,对象所呈现的物理、化学、生物等规定,与人从物理、化学、生物等科学角度考察对象无法相分.人与对象的关系,也关联着价值之维,自然对人的存在所具有的生态意义便体现以上的价值内涵.这种意义并非自发显现,而是最终由人所把握并赋予.意义的不同形式,涉及存在的不同形态.从自然之维看,对象有自在和为人的区分,其意义的变迁表现为由自在的存在转换为人化的存在;在社会领域,存在的意义关乎从无序到有序的进展,后者体现于社会的秩序及人与人的和谐;以人的意识和思想形态为关注之点,问题则关乎不同的观念领域,其中包含特定之"事"的展开.在认知之维,意义侧重于认识和理解世界(知实然);在价值之域,意义则以实现人的理想(求当然)为旨趣.意义的价值内涵,无法离开目的.目的首先与人的行动相关,它规定了行动的指向,使人的行为表现为有意义的活动.在人与人的交往过程中,需要关注对话的作用,然而对话固然赋予交往以独特的意义形态,但它更多地表现为言语交流,化意义为现实,以人切实地做事为前提.
Being and Meaning
Human beings not only contemplate the meaning of the world,but also explore their own meaning in the world.Meaning always depends on humans.At the cognitive level,the physical,chemical,biological,and other regulations presented by objects cannot be separated from the scientific perspectives of humans examining.The relationship between people and objects is also related to the dimension of value,and the ecological significance of human existence naturally reflects the above value connotations.This meaning is not spontaneously manifested,but ultimately grasped and endowed by humans.The different forms of meaning involve different forms of existence.From the perspective of nature,objects have a distinction between being free and being human,and the change in their meaning is manifested as the transformation from a free existence to a humanized existence.In the social field,the significance of existence is related to the progress from disorder to order,which is reflected the harmony between people.Focusing on human consciousness and thought patterns,the problem involves different conceptual domains,including the unfolding of specific Shi(affairs/engagement).In the dimension of cognition,meaning focuses on understanding and comprehending the world(knowing reality);In the realm of value,meaning is aimed at realizing human ideals(seeking truth).The value connotation of meaning cannot be separated from the purpose.The purpose is first related to human action,which sets the direction of action and makes human behavior manifest as meaningful activities.In the process of interpersonal communication,it is necessary to pay attention to the role of dialogue.However,although dialogue endows communication with unique forms of meaning,it is more manifested as verbal communication,turning meaning into reality,and taking practical actions as a prerequisite.

杨国荣

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西北师范大学哲学与社会学院 甘肃 兰州 730070

华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所 上海 200241

浙江大学马一浮书院 浙江 杭州 310058

意义 存在 认知 价值

2024

文史哲
山东大学

文史哲

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.626
ISSN:0511-4721
年,卷(期):2024.(6)