Research on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Terrorist Attacks in Pakistan Based on Damage Assessment
Based on the data of terrorist attacks in Pakistan from 2011 to 2020,the security threat level of terrorist attacks was calculated using quantitative assessment methods.The spatial evolution characteristics of terrorist attacks in Pakistan were studied using analysis methods,such as kernel density estimation,Moran's I,Getis-Ord Gi*,and emerging spatiotemporal hot spot analysis.Research shows that terrorist attacks in Pakistan can be divided into five levels of the threat from low to high.Each level is consistent in spatial distribution characteristics.The terrorist attacks in Pakistan from 2011 to 2020 show significant spatial clustering.The clustered regions mainly include three core active areas that are Peshawar,Quetta and Karachi.The hot spots of terrorist attacks are mainly concentrated in the three core active areas,with no cold spots.The emerging spatiotemporal hot spot patterns of ter-rorist attacks are mainly characterized by continuous and persistent hot spots,which are relatively stable and distributed near the three core active areas.The cold spot areas mostly appear in the form of continuous cold spots,while the newly added cold spots mainly appear in the area near Malakan.
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