On the basis of outlining the new characteristics of economic crimes and the difficulties in investigation,this paper analyzes the potential of blockchain technology in enhancing the efficiency of combating economic crimes.Through a detailed elaboration of the specific applications and key areas of blockchain technology in the investigation of economic crimes,its unique advantages in data tracking,evidence preservation,and information security are rev-eled.However,the application of this technology also faces a series of challenges,such as technical compatibility and popularity,privacy protection and data sharing.In response to these challenges,a series of innovative strategies are proposed,including building a blockchain-based data sharing and collaboration system,improving the legal framework for the application of blockchain technology,in order to effectively combat economic crimes and protect the stability and security of the socio-economic order.