摘要
"鬼"的本义是"人死后的灵魂",其贬义色彩和丰富的形象色彩引申、虚化出"具有与鬼相似的性质或状态""对某类人的蔑称""特指外国人""表示周遍性否定""表示极性程度意义"等多项语义,可以用作名词、形容词、无定代词、程度副词和标记成分.粤方言与官话"鬼"的语义演变部分重合,形成共有语义七项,特有语义四项.其中"特指外国人"是粤方言进入官话的结果.
Abstract
The original meaning of the word"gui"(鬼)is"the soul of a person after death",and its derogatory and rich visual colors extended and assumed multiple meanings such as"having properties and states similar to ghosts","a derogatory term for people with certain characteristics","specifically referring to foreigners","indicating universal negation","indicating extreme degrees"and so on.It can be used as a noun,adjective,indefinite pronoun,degree adverb and marked constituent.The semantic evolution of"gui"(鬼)in the Cantonese dialect overlapped with that in Mandarin,forming a total of seven general semantic items and four unique semantic items in the Cantonese dialect.Among them,"specifically referring to foreigners"is a result of the Cantonese dialect entering Mandarin.
万方数据