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新质生产力的政治经济学阐释

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马克思的生产力理论为理解新质生产力概念奠定了理论基础。新质生产力是物质生产力与精神生产力、改造自然与社会进步协调一致的多维度突破跃升,体现生产的技术方式与组织方式协同演进的系统性变迁。在生产要素构成层面,新质生产力是指新型生产要素出现、原有生产要素的供给质量提升,以及各要素组合的配置效率改善;在产品和产业形态层面,新质生产力是指满足人们美好生活需要的产品供给能力提升以及产业结构实现转型升级。重大科技创新的驱动引领,构成新质生产力的突出内核,并赋予其鲜明的高质量发展特征。当前,影响制约新质生产力的主要难题,集中表现为重大科技创新的核心动能不足、宏观经济治理面临两难困境以及世界格局动荡变革的外部冲击。新时代新征程,要以健全关键核心技术攻关的新型举国体制、建设数实融合的现代化产业体系、发挥社会主义基本经济制度的治理效能,作为加快推进新质生产力的政策优先项与着力点。
A Political Economy Explanation of the New Quality Productivity
Marx's theory of productivity lays the theoretical foundation for understanding the concept of new-quality productivity.New quality productivity is a multidimensional breakthrough and leaps in the coordination of material and spiritual productivity,the transformation of nature,and social progress,and reflects the systematic change of the collaborative evolution of the technical mode and the organizational mode of production.In terms of the composition of production factors,the new quality productivity refers to the emergence of new production factors,the improvement of the supply quality of the original production factors,and the improvement of the efficiency of each factor combination.At the level of product and industrial form,new quality productivity refers to the improvement of product supply capacity to meet people's needs for a better life and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure.The drive and leadership of major scientific and technological innovations constitute the outstanding core of the new quality productivity and give it a distinctive feature of high-quality development.At present,the main problems affecting and restricting the new quality of productivity are centered on the lack of core kinetic energy of major scientific and technological innovation,the dilemma of macroeconomic governance,and the external impact of the turbulent changes in the world pattern.In the new era and new journey,the new national system of key core technology research and development,the construction of a modern industrial system that integrates numbers and realities,and the effectiveness of the governance of the basic socialist economic system should be taken as the policy priorities and focuses for accelerating the promotion of the new quality productivity.

new quality productivitymajor scientific and technological innovationhigh-quality developmentdigital economysocialist basic economic system

翟青、曹守新

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鲁东大学马克思主义学院,山东烟台 264025

中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院,北京 102488

新质生产力 重大科技创新 高质量发展 数字经济 社会主义基本经济制度

国家社会科学基金重大项目教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金

20&ZD05220YJC710080

2024

西安财经大学学报
西安财经学院

西安财经大学学报

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.87
ISSN:2096-7454
年,卷(期):2024.37(2)
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