Distribution pattern of historical city sites and its relationship with their natural suitability in the Fen-Wei plain
Chinese indigenous urban planning prioritizes the construction of a harmonious order between humans and nature.Therefore,it is academically valuable to deeply analyze the natural suitability characteristics and laws of historical urban site selection and explore the scientific mechanism behind them.Taking the Fen-Wei plain as the research area,a region where urban construction in historical periods was closely related to the natural environment,as the research area,428 urban samples from seven typical historical periods in this region were selected.The influence of natural environment factors on the selection of historical cities was analyzed and demonstrated by using the methods of geographical detector and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of natural suitability.The evaluation indicator system of natural suitability of regional historical cities was constructed,and the spatial and temporal distribution law of regional historical cities and the suitable characteristics of natural environment were revealed.The results show that:(1)The natural environment has an important impact on the spatial distribution of historical cities in the Fen-Wei Plain,and there are obvious enhancement characteristics under the interaction of multiple factors.Among them,elevation,surface relief,soil type,and vertical distance from water systems are the dominant factors affecting urban site selection.The natural characteristics of flat and high terrain,adjacency to water,high soil maturation,and thick overburden are important prerequisites;(2)There are certain regular characteristics between the suitability of the natural environment and the spatial distribution of urban sites in historical periods.The overall natural suitability of the region gradually decreases on both sides of the axial directions of the Weihe River,Fenhe River,and Sutuihe River.In the historical periods,the urban distribution is basically concentrated in the suitable areas and the more suitable areas,and along with the evolution the scale of the site selection is gradually expanding.This indicates that the adaptability and transformation ability of the regional city site to the natural environment is gradually improved.
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