摘要
目前,中国 4N8以上高纯石英高度依赖进口,高纯石英是保障中国芯片安全、光纤安全、光伏安全、高端器件安全的战略矿产.笔者通过国内外对石英的微量(杂质)元素分布特征研究相关的文献进行了梳理和总结,并结合近年来找矿勘查实践认识.研究发现,控制 4N以上中高端高纯石英杂质元素的种类主要是类质同象,包括有B、Li、Al、Ge、Ti、Fe、Mn、K和P等元素.中国高纯石英找矿方向包括变质重结晶石英、钨锡矿床云英岩和石英脉、花岗伟晶岩石英、高分异演化花岗岩石英等,其中 4N以上中高端高纯石英可能为非成矿花岗伟晶岩.高纯石英矿床形成的地质背景、物质组成、物质来源、控制因素等与成矿有关的理论,即建立高纯石英成矿模型,可能是中国高纯石英矿床的找矿勘查突破的基础.这些研究除了能够很好地指导高纯石英找矿,同时也是示踪钨、锡、铌、钽和锂等金属矿床岩浆-热液演化过程的关键.中国高纯石英地质勘查处于起步阶段,笔者总结近年攻关中国高纯石英找矿勘查理论和技术研究,以供同行参考.
Abstract
At present,China's high-grade high-purity quartz(above 4N8)completely depends on imports.High-purity quartz is a strategic mineral to ensure the safety of chip,optical fiber,photovoltaic and high-end devices in China.In this paper,related references on the distribution characteristics of impurity elements in quartz are re-viewed and summarized.The medium and high-grade high-purity quartz is mainly isomorphism,mainly includ-ing B,Li,Al,Ge,Ti,Fe,Mn,K and P elements.The prospecting directions of high purity quartz in China are as follows:hydrothermal vein quartz,metamorphic recrystallized quartz,greisen and quartz vein of tungsten-tin de-posit,granite pegmatite quartz and highly differentiated evolution granite quartz.The high-grade high-purity quartz above 4N may be from non-metallogenic granite pegmatite.The geological background,quartz composi-tion and source,controlling factors and other metallogenic theories related to the formation of high-purity quartz deposits,i.e.modelling the mineralisation of high purity quartz,are the basis for the breakthrough in prospect-ing and exploration of high-purity quartz deposits in China.All these not only indicate the prospecting of high-purity quartz,but also trace the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution for tungsten,tin,niobium,tantalum,lithium and other metal deposits.The geological exploration for high-purity quartz is in its infancy in China.This paper is a preliminary summary of the studies on exploration of high-purity quartz in the past years.
维普
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