Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbes in Apple Orchard Soil under Different Mulching Managements
In order to reveal the influence of orchand soil enzymes and microbes quantity in different of mulching managements, this research was to study the spatio-temporal patterns of soil enzymatic and microbe activities under different mulching managements on apple orchard soil. The dynamic change of the soil enzymes and microbes in different depths of soil during the apple tree growing were determined by four mulching treatments which was straw mulching, sod mulching,film mulching and bare. The results showed as follows: (1)With the apple tree growth, soil sucrase activity increased firstly, and then decreased. The soil catalase activity decreased firstly and then increased gradrually. But alllong with the apple growth, the soil urease activity decreased gradually. From fruitlet stage to the maturity stage, the quantity of soil bacteria and soil fungi had been rising, reached the maximum at the fruit expanding stage, then slowly declined. But all long with the apple growth, the soil actinomy-cetes activity decreased gradually. (2)Compared with the bare tillage, the mulching managements had significant effects on increasing the soil enzymatic activity and the quantity of soil bacteria and soilfungi, especially,the treatment of straw mulching had the most obvious effect in all treatments. (3) From the spatial distribution of the enzymes and microbes in different depths of soil, the enzymes and microbes on orchard soil have stratification. Except the soil catalase activity, the enzyme and microbe activities were decreased with the deeper of soil. At the same time, the mulching management could mainly enhance the topsoil enzyme and microbe activities. (4) Compareing with the bare tillage, the mulching managements can improve production and quality of apple. Therefore, straw mulching can improve soil nutrients effectively, then improve production and quality of apple in rain fed farming or-chands.
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NSTL
万方数据
维普
