基层乡村治理中的责任共同体——从"上面千条线"到"上面千把刀"
The Community of Responsibility in Grassroots Rural Governance:From"Thousands of Lines Above"to"Thousands of Knives Above"
贺雪峰1
作者信息
- 1. 武汉大学社会学院,湖北武汉 430072
- 折叠
摘要
分田到户以来的农村基层治理大致可以划分为取消农业税前、取消农业税后至十八大前和十八大以来三个阶段.取消农业税前,乡村治理任务较为单一,在单一中心任务难以完成时,上级政府考核压力容易形成"乡村利益共同体".十八大以来,国家通过各种途径和手段大幅度增加对农村的转移支付,各部门借资源下乡实现了部门权力的下乡,形成基层治理多中心的格局.站在基层治理角度,之前作为工作协商沟通机制的"上面千条线",转变成为工作督察问责机制的"上面千把刀".面临巨大的考核压力,基层形成了不同于过去"乡村利益共同体"的"乡村责任共同体",导致的结果是基层治理陷入空转,形式主义猖獗.解决当前基层治理问题的关键在于,限制部门条线权力,为基层治理留下自主空间.
Abstract
The grassroots governance in rural areas since the distribution of farmland to households can be roughly divided into three stages:Before the cancellation of agricultural taxes,after the cancellation of agricultural taxes until the 18th National Congress,and since the 18th National Congress.Before the cancellation of agricultural taxes,the task of rural governance was relatively single.When a single central task was difficult to be completed,the pressure of the superior government's assessment could easily form a"community of rural interests".Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the country has significantly increased transfer payments to rural areas through various channels and means.Various departments have borrowed resources to go to the countryside,realizing the decentralization of departmental power,and forming a multi-center pattern of grassroots governance.From the grassroots governance perspective,the"thousands of lines"that were previously used as work negotiation and communication mechanisms have transformed into the"thousands of knives"that are used as work supervision and accountability mechanisms.Faced with enormous assessment pressure,grassroots communities have formed a"rural responsibility community"different from the past"rural interest community",resulting in grassroots governance falling into a state of emptiness and rampant formalism.The key to solving the current grassroots governance problems is to limit the power of departmental lines and leave autonomous space for grassroots governance.
关键词
考核/部门利益/责任共同体/乡村治理Key words
assessment/departmental interests/community of responsibility/rural governance引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重点项目(18ASH002)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据