A Hundred Years of Studies on the Relationship Between Bilingualism and Cognition:From General Intelligence to Executive Functions
The studies on the relationship between bilingualism and cognition can be traced back to a hundred years ago.A review of the previous studies shows that the research revolves around two relationships,i.e.the relationships between bilingualism and intelligence,between bilingualism and executive functions.The hundred years'study gave rise to three conflicting viewpoints(i.e.additive,detrimental,and neural)at the different periods of research.The article attempts an in-depth analysis of the research background,major findings,theoretical explanations,and controversial issues.It suggests that future studies go beyond the debate of bilingual(dis)advantages and engage researchers to locate what aspects and to what degree bilingualism has impact upon human mental activities,with its focus upon concept reconceptualization,theory integration and mythological improvements in the hope that our understanding to the relationship between language and cognition can be enhanced.
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