Research Progress and Perspectives of Extracellular Vesicles in Plants
EVs(extracellular vesicles)are membrane-bound vesicles released by cells into the extracel-lular space,facilitating the transfer of proteins,lipids,nucleic acids,and metabolites between cells.Consequently,they have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.The fundamental roles of EVs have been extensively studied in a wide range of physiological and pathological contexts in mammals,including intercellular signaling,tumorigenesis and metastasis,and immune responses.Despite the extensive research on EVs in mam-mals,plant EVs have not been thoroughly investigated.However,it has become increasingly clear that plant EVs fulfill various cellular functions in development,plant defense,and symbiosis.This article provides an overview of recent advances in plant EVs research and compares them with findings in mammals.Specifically,it focuses on the functional characteristics of plant EVs and the molecular mechanisms underlying their secretion.Additionally,this review discusses the future directions and prospects of plant EVs research.
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