我国制造业资本劳动替代弹性和技术进步偏向——基于企业微观数据的测算
Substitution Elasticity of Capital and Labor and the Directed Technological Progress in China's Manufacturing Sector:Based on the Microdata
张延群 1贺伟东2
作者信息
- 1. 中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院;中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所
- 2. 北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院
- 折叠
摘要
资本劳动替代弹性和技术进步方向是CES生产函数中的重要参数.本文基于工业企业数据库,运用从微观到宏观的加总方法,估计制造业28 个行业的局部替代弹性,考虑资本强度异质性,将行业局部替代弹性加总为行业整体以及制造业总体替代弹性,并识别制造业技术进步偏向.研究发现,我国28 个制造业行业的整体替代弹性存在较大差异,制造业总体替代弹性呈下降趋势,从 1998～2001 年的 1.13 下降到 2011～2013 年的 0.88.技术进步为相对资本增强型.用替代弹性和技术进步对近 20 年制造业劳动收入份额变化进行因素分解,发现技术进步是导致制造业劳动收入份额变化的主要因素.
Abstract
The substitution elasticity of capital and labor and the directed technological progress are important parameters in the CES production function.Using the plants data of China's Industrial Enterprise Database and the method from micro to macro,the local substitution elasticity of capital and labor of 28 industries are estimated.Then the local elasticities and the heterogeneity of plants and industries in the capital intensity are used to calculate the substitution elasticity of industries and the manufacturing sector.Based on the estimated substitution elasticity,the direction of technological progress is identified.We find that the elasticity of the manufacturing sector shows a downward trend,declining from 1.13 in 1998-2001 to 0.88 in 2011-2013.The direction of technological progress showed a relative capital augmented.The measured alternative elasticity and technological progress direction are used to decompose the contributions of the labor income share in the past 20 years.It turns out that the bias of technological progress is the main factor.The change of future labor income share depends on the relative contributions of relative factor price changes and biased technological progress.
关键词
资本劳动替代弹性/技术进步方向/微观数据/宏观加总Key words
Substitution Elasticity of Capital and Labor/Direction of Technical Progress/Micro Data/Macro Aggregation引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据