中国东部主要入海河流As元素分布、来源及影响因素分析
Distribution, Sources and Impact Factors of Arsenic in the Major Rivers of Eastern China
柳青青 1杨忠芳 1周国华 2夏学齐 1侯青叶 1余涛 1翟大兴3
作者信息
- 1. 中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083
- 2. 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000
- 3. 浙江省地质调查院,浙江杭州311203
- 折叠
摘要
为查明中国河流中As等重金属元素的分布规律,于2007-2008年分丰水期和枯水期对中国东部30余条入海河流水体、悬浮物统一进行采样分析.结果表明:东部河流中As元素溶解态含量均值为3.1 μg/L,同世界河流相比,明显偏高；且频率分布直方图具有多个峰值,反映出明显的人为污染.利用富集系数的研究表明,悬浮物同样受到较明显的人为污染.As在河水中的迁移形式以溶解态为主,pH值和温度对As的迁移形式有明显影响.流域内岩石类型对河流中As含量影响显著,火山岩、火山碎屑岩类广泛分布的流域河水中As含量明显偏高,花岗岩及中、深变质岩广泛分布的流域河流中As含量则偏小.利用生活、工业污水作为As元素人为来源端元,对海河、黄河、长江、珠江等河流人为源进行了估算,分别为46.7％、18.7％、13.5％、8.3％.
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the concentration, partitioning and sources of As in the major rivers of eastern China. Samples of filtered water and suspended paniculate matter were sampled, from more than 30 rivers at the lower reaches in 2007 and 2008. The results indicated that the concentration of dissolved As is averaged to 3. 1 μg/L, significantly higher than most other rivers in the world. The frequency distribution histogram with more than one peak showed that most of the rivers have been obviously polluted by anthropogenic activities, which was also confirmed by the enrichment factors (EF) of the suspended particulate matter samples. The partitioning of As in the river was dominated by the dissolved phase other than the particulate one. The distribution of As in the two phases was controlled by water pH and temperature. The concentration of As is also influenced by rock type in the river basins and is significantly higher in the rivers whose catchments were mostly covered by volcanic and pyroclactic rocks, whereas the content was relatively lower in the rivers with their catchments covered by the granite and metamorphic rocks. The sources of anthropogenic pollution of typical rivers were presumed mainly coming from industrial and domestic waste water. The order of main four rivers' contribution was that, Haihe(46.7%) >Huanghe( 18.7% ) >Changjiang(13.5% ) >Zhujiang(8.3% ).
关键词
砷元素/分布/来源/人为污染/中国东部河流Key words
arsenic (As)/distribution/source/anthropogenic pollution/rivers of eastern China引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家专项"全国土壤现状调查及污染防治"下属工作项目(CZTR20060206)
出版年
2012
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据