Theoretical Outline and Application Prospects of Tectonophysicochemistry
Tectonophysicochemistry is an emerging study direction in geomechanics within the field of"struc-ture-combined construction".It has developed into an interdisciplinary field that studies the correlation between the physical and chemical changes of rocks during tectonic activities.In addressing the challenging problem in earth sciences,namely"whether tectonic force can affect chemical equilibrium",the author conducted in-depth research on the geological structures of ore fields and explored the influence of tectonic force on pressure.The tectonic stress field can be divided into two parts:one is the stress difference,which causes the deformation of rocks;and the other is the average stress,which is the positive pressure stress state of equal directions that changes the volume of rocks.The latter is called"structural additional hydrostatic pressure".The"tectonic ad-ditional hydrostatic pressure"is superimposed on the pressure caused by its geological processes,altering the pressure at a given point and affecting other physical and chemical conditions,thus controlling the diagenetic and geochemical processes of diagenesis and mineralization.Tectonophysicochemistry is the study of"how tec-tonic forces change the physicochemical conditions and then affect the chemical process".It focuses on structur-al additional pressure,temperature,and other physicochemical conditions caused by tectonism and their control over physicochemical processes.The prediction of"second enrichment zone"deep in Jiaodong gold deposit,u-sing theories and methods such as tectonophysicochemistry and"structural correction of metallogenic depth"has been confirmed.This provides theoretical and methodological support for Jiaodong,the third-largest gold region in the world.After more than 30 years of scientific research and prospecting practices,tectonophysicochemistry has gained extensive academic influence.The Geomechanics Committee of the Geological Society of China es-tablished the"Professional Group of Tectonophysicochemistry"in 1996,and the Chinese Geophysical Society approved the establishment of the"Professional Committee of Tectonophysicochemistry"in 2018.The problems in tectonophysicochemistry that need further study are:additional hydrostatic pressure,tectonism affecting tem-perature,tectonism changing physical properties of rock,tectonism affecting geological PT phase diagram,and developing methods for observing and studying structural deformation lithofacies.Tectonophysicochemistry has made significant progress in various areas,including the expansion and application of abnormal crustal pressure and deep crustal pressure states,tectonic driving and trapping of oil and gas,tectonic correction calculation of diagenetic and metallogenic depth and prediction of hidden ore deposits,"crustal genesis of tectonic pressuriza-tion"in ultra-high-pressure metamorphic belt,physicochemical conditions of coal deformation and metamor-phism,thermodynamic analysis of critical mineralization,tectonophysicochemical constraints of earthquake dis-aster fluid on rock system,and geophysical exploration based on tectonic deformation lithofacies belts.There is a broad prospect for the development of tectonophysicochemistry.
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