摘要
目的 调查肝癌患者从入院到术后 6 个月的睡眠障碍及生活质量变化,并探讨入院时睡眠障碍与术后 6 个月生活质量的相关性.方法 选取首次诊断为原发性肝细胞癌并行手术治疗的患者214例作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、匹兹堡睡眠障碍指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)及肝胆肿瘤治疗功能评定量表(functional assessment of cancer therapy-hepatobiliary,FACT-Hep),分别在患者入院时、术后 1 个月、3 个月和 6 个月进行调查;采用多重线性回归及分层回归分析患者术后 6 个月睡眠障碍对生活质量的影响.结果 入院时 214 例完成研究,术后 1 个月 209 例患者完成研究,术后 3 个月 208例患者完成研究,术后 6 个月 205 例患者完成研究.肝癌患者睡眠障碍及生活质量得分随时间变化,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001),患者整体睡眠障碍水平呈先升后降的特点,生活质量呈由高到低而后逐渐上升的特点;多重线性回归分析结果显示,患者入院时睡眠障碍是术后 6 个月生活质量总分降低的因素,分层回归分析结果显示,在BCLC A期患者中,入院时睡眠障碍是术后 6 个月生活质量的影响因素.结论 从入院到术后 6 个月肝癌患者的睡眠障碍和生活质量呈动态变化,且入院时发生睡眠障碍的患者术后生活质量较差.医护人员应重视患者术前睡眠管理,对患者睡眠障碍的有无及生活质量进行动态评估,并制定延续性护理干预措施,提高患者术后生活质量.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the sleep disorders and its effects on the changes in quality of life in patients with liver cancer from the hospital admission to 6 months after surgery and to analyse the correlation between the sleep disorder and quality of life.Methods A total of 214 patients who underwent surgery for liver cancer for the first time were included in the study.Demographic questionnaire,Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),and functional assessment of cancer therapy-hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep)were used for the investigation at admission and at 1,3 and 6 months after surgery.Multiple linear regression was employed to analyse the correlation between the sleep disorders at the admission and its effect on quality of life up to 6 months after surgery.Results Toally 214 patients finished the study at admission and 209 finished the study 1 month after surgery,and 208 finished the stuoly 3 months after surgery,and 205 patients finished the study 6 months after surgery.The scores of both of PSQI at admission and the quality of life at 6 months after surgery varied across the tested time points with a statistically significant difference(both P<0.001).The overall level of sleep disorder in the patients showed a characteristic pattern with initially increasing and then decreasing,and the quality of life presented a characteristic tendency of starting from high to low and then gradually increasing.It showed that the sleep disorder at admission was attributive to the poorer quality of life at 6 months after surgery.The hierarchical regression analysis showed that among the patients at BCLC Stage A,sleep disorder at admission was the influencing factor of the quality of life at 6 months after surgery.Conclusions The sleep disorder and quality of life in the patients who had surgical operations for hepatocellular carcinoma both changed dynamically from admission to the 6 months after surgery.The quality of life was poor in the patients with sleep disorder at admission.Therefore,medical staff should enhance the sleep management at admission,conduct dynamic assessment of the sleep disorder and quality of life of the patients,and then develop continuity nursing measures to improve the quality of life after surgery.
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