摘要
目的 基于微信平台设计医院-社区-家庭联动的早产儿延续性护理平台,并评价其在早产儿延续性护理中的应用效果.方法 基于微信小程序自主开发医院-社区-家庭联动的早产儿延续性护理微信平台,选取 2021 年 1 月至 9 月在本院新生儿科住院的 96 例早产儿作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各 48 例.观察组采用医院-社区-家庭联动的微信护理平台实施早产儿延续性护理干预,对照组采取常规的门诊随访和电话随访,比较两组早产儿的体格发育情况、神经心理发育情况和 1 岁以内的再入院率.结果 观察组 46 例、对照组 47 例完成研究.重复测量方差分析结果显示,不同时间点两组早产儿身长、体重、头围、大运动、精细运动、适应性、语言、社交和总发育商时间效应、组间效应有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),除大运动和精细运动发育商交互效应有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)外,身长、体重、头围、适应性、语言、社交和总发育商交互效应无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).进一步比较发现,观察组早产儿 6 月龄、8 月龄、10 月龄和 12 月龄身长长于对照组(均P＜0.05);观察组早产儿 8 月龄、10 月龄和 12 月龄体重重于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);观察组早产儿 10 月龄和 12 月龄头围大于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组早产儿 6 月龄、8 月龄、10 月龄、12 月龄大运动、适应性发育商优于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).观察组早产儿 8 月龄、10 月龄、12 月龄精细运动发育商优于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).观察组早产儿 2 月龄、4 月龄、6 月龄、8 月龄、10 月龄、12月龄语言、社交和总发育商优于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).观察组比对照组再入院率低(10.87%vs 29.79%),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 医院-社区-家庭联动的早产儿护理微信平台用于早产儿延续性护理干预,能够促进早产儿的体格发育和神经心理发育,降低早产儿再入院率.
Abstract
Objective To develop a WeChat based hospital-community-family nursing platform for premature infants and evaluate its effect on transitional care for premature infants.Methods A hospital-community-family nursing platform for premature infants using the WeChat applet was developed.A total of 96 preterm infants hospitalised in our hospital between January and September 2021 were enrolled and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table,with 48 per group.The premature infants in the observation group were offered with transitional care intervention based on the WeChat based nursing platform developed by us,and those in the control group were on routine outpatient clinic visits and telephone follow-ups.The premature infants of the two groups were compared in terms of physical development,neuropsychological development and re-admission rate within the age of one year.Results A total of 46 premature infants in the observation group and 47 in the control group went through the study.After the intervention,the body length,weight and head circumference of the preterm infants in the observation group were all significantly greater than those in the control group,with F-values between the two groups of 5.338(height),4.133(weight)and 3.069(head circumference)(all P＜0.05).The total development quotient and the development quotient of each energy area in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with F-values between the two groups at 29.881(large movement),22.007(fine movement),17.722(adaptability),22.467(language),34.058(social)and 14.331(total developmental quotient)(all P＜0.001).The readmission rate of the premature infants in observation group was statistical significant lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusions The WeChat based hospital-community-family nursing platform is effective in transitional care for premature infants.It can promote physical development and neuropsychological development of premature infants,and reduce the readmission rate..
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