Objective To study the distribution characteristics of gut microbiota in young children infected with rotavirus and adenovirus,providing new ideas for treatment and improving prognosis.Methods Fecal samples of 22 young children clinically diagnosed with acute diarrhea were collected,including 12 confirmed cases of rotavirus infection and 10 adenovirus infections,and 12 fecal samples of healthy children during the same period were collected as controls.Using 16S rDNA targeted amplification to detect the diversity and composition structure of gut microbiota in three groups of young children,analyzing their microbial community structure,abundance,and differences.Results There were significant differences in the alpha and beta diversity analyses of the gut microbiota among the three groups of observing objects.At the family level,the healthy control group and adenovirus group were mainly dominated by the Trichospiridae family,while the rotavirus group is mainly dominated by the Enterobacteriaceae family;At the genus level,the healthy control group,rotavirus group,and adenovirus group have the highest abundance of Bacteroides,Escherichia/Shigella,and Bifidobacterium,respectively;LEfSe differential analysis showed that compared with the healthy control group,the abundance of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium,Ackermann's bacteria,Ruminococcus,and Eubacterium in the rotavirus group was significantly reduced,but the abundance of Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia/Shigella was increased;The abundance of conditional pathogenic bacteria such as Clostridium and Staphylococcus in the adenovirus group was significantly increased,while the abundance of Bacillus was lowered,and Bifidobacterium did not decrease compared to the control group.Conclusion Both rotavirus and adenovirus infections cause dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in young children,and there are significant differences in the types and distribution of microbiota in their bodies after infection,indicating differences in the use and selection of probiotics in the treatment of diarrhea caused by the two viruses.
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