Effects of long-term high-altitude exposure on the composition of gut microflora in different intestinal segments of rats
Objective To investigate the effects of long-term high altitude exposure on the composition and structure of the gut microbiota in rats in different intestinal segments,and to explore the key affected intestinal segments initially.Methods Six-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group(Control group)and a high altitude exposed group(HA group).The HA group was exposed to a low-pressure oxygen chamber at a simulated altitude of 3500-4000 m for 20 weeks,after which the microbiomes of both groups were analysed using high-throughput 16s rRNA sequencing and core changes in the duodenal,jejunal,ileal and colonic microflora communities were determined.Results The microbial abundance of the colon was significantly reduced in the hypoxic environment of high altitude,the microbial abundance and diversity of the foregut did not change significantly,and the AVD value of the colon was higher than that of the other intestinal segments,and it tended to be more stable after prolonged exposure to treatment in high altitude;At the Bray-curtis distance,the Microbial structure of the ileum and colon was significantly different between the Control and HA groups,whereas the duodenum and jejunum showed no significant changes;The predominant phylum in all intestinal segments was Firmicutes,but the dominant phyla varied in different intestinal segments and treatment groups,with Lactobacillus spp.contributing highly to the changes in the gut microflora;the complexity of the phylogenetic network of the ileum was higher than that of the other intestinal segments,whereas the colon had the fewest phylogenetic interactions;the jejunum and the ileum consisted mainly of abundant taxa,whereas the colon had a significantly smaller proportion of abundant taxa,mainly Conditionally rare taxa.The duodenum differed in taxa composition between the Control and HA groups.Conclusion High-altitude hypoxia can affect the microecological environment of the ileum and colon by remodelling the composition and structure of the intestinal microflora,especially in the ileum compared with the other three intestinal segments.In addition,the ileum is characterised by both lower complexity of the microflora structure and the prominent role of key genera in the high altitude hypoxia study,in which the changes of Lactobacillus spp.are worthy of more in-depth study at a later stage.Therefore,the ileal microbiota of rats may have a higher research value compared with other intestinal segments.
万方数据
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