Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide,and has attracted attention due to its high morbidity,mortality and long-term disability rates.Cell-free therapies based on extracellular vesicles,especially stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(SC-EVs),provide a new perspective for the treatment of AIS due to their similar regenerative ability to stem cells,blood-brain barrier penetration and low immunogenicity superior to stem cells.This article reviews the mechanism of action and clinical research progress of SC-EVs in the treatment of AIS,in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of AIS.