Regular physical activity,structured exercise training,and high levels of cardiopulmonary fitness prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.The Clinical Practice Statement on Physical Activity,Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Cardiovascular Health published by the American Society for Preventive Cardiology has made a relatively comprehensive exposition on the impact of physical activity and cardiopulmonary fitness on cardiovascular health,the recommendation of physical activity amount and the formulation of structured exercise training programs.This paper intends to interpret its key contents.