Venous thromboembolism includes pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis,which has a high incidence in orthopedic inpatients.VTE is the third largest vascular disease after stroke and acute coronary syndrome.It has a high disability rate and incidence.Orthopedic patients need to rest in bed after surgery,long-term bed rest will lead to venous blood flow retention,so that the venous wall and blood abnormalities,extremely easy to cause thrombosis.VTE is one of the more common vascular diseases at present.It is a serious threat to the life health of patients,even if it leads to the complete loss of labor force,even if it leads to disability and death of patients.A large number of domestic and foreign studies have been carried out on the influencing factors and nursing care of deep vein thrombosis in orthopaedic inpatients.The paper reviews the influencing factors and nursing care of VTE in orthopaedic inpatients,providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of VTE and postoperative rehabilitation of orthopaedic inpatients.