摘要
目的 调查分析社区老年人医养结合需求及其影响因素,为开展社区医养结合服务提供参考依据.方法 选取居住于昆明市盘龙区重工社区、昆机社区等 2 家社区居住时间超过 6 个月的 60 岁及以上老年人 600 名为调查对象,通过调查问卷了解其对医药卫生服务需求和养老生活服务需求,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归模型分析社区老年人医养服务需求的影响因素.结果 社区老年人医药卫生服务需求总体较高,常见病诊治、紧急救助、健康体检等项目的需求均达到 80%以上,在医疗机构选择上有 77%的老年人首选社区医院(卫生服务中心、卫生院);社区老年人养老生活服务需求中有居家养老需求的老年人 577 名,占 96.17%;养老生活服务需求中对提高退休待遇、设立社区食堂、房屋增设电梯等项目的需求较高,均达到 75%以上.600 名社区老年人中,有医养结合服务需求的有 564 例,占比为 94.00%;无医养结合服务需求的 36 例,占比 6.00%.单因素分析结果显示,年龄、医保类型、生活自理程度、月收入、有无慢性病对老年人医养服务需求有影响,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).多因素Logistic 回归分析结果显示,月收入、医保情况、老年人生活自理能力及是否患慢性病是影响社区老年人医养结合服务需求的主要因素(P<0.05).结论 昆明2家社区老年人的医养结合服务需求较高,月收入、医保情况、老年人生活自理能力及是否患慢性病是影响社区老年人医养结合服务需求的主要因素.社区机构服务要重视医与养的有机结合,为老年人提供能满足需求的个性化医养结合服务.
Abstract
Objective To investigate and analyze the demand for medical and elderly care integration among elderly people in the community and its influencing factors,in order to provide reference for the development of community medical and elderly care integration services.Method A total of 600 elderly people aged 60 and above who have lived in two communities in Panlong District,Kunming City,including the Heavy Industry Community and Kunji Community,for more than 6 months were selected as the survey subjects.Through a survey questionnaire,their demands for medical and health services and elderly care services were investigated.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of the medical and elderly care service demands of the elderly in the community.Result the overall demand for medical and health services among elderly people in the community is relatively high,with over 80%of the demand for common disease diagnosis and treatment,emergency assistance,and health examinations.In terms of medical institution selection,77%of elderly people prefer community hospitals(health service centers,health centers);577 elderly people,accounting for 96.17%,have home-based elderly care needs in the demand for elderly care services in the community;The demand for elderly care services mainly includes projects such as increasing retirement benefits,setting up community canteens,and adding elevators to houses,all of which reach over 75%.Among 600 elderly people in the community,564 cases,accounting for 94.00%,have a demand for integrated medical and elderly care services;36 cases,accounting for 6.00%,had no demand for integrated medical and elderly care services.The results of univariate analysis showed that age,medical insurance type,level of self-care,monthly income,and the presence or absence of chronic diseases had an impact on the demand for medical care services in the elderly,and the intergroup differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that monthly income,medical insurance status,elderly people's ability to take care of themselves,and whether they suffer from chronic diseases were the main factors affecting the demand for integrated medical and elderly care services in the community(P<0.05).Conclusion The demand for integrated medical and elderly care services among the elderly in the two communities in Kunming is relatively high.Monthly income,medical insurance status,elderly self-care ability,and whether they suffer from chronic diseases are the main factors affecting the demand for integrated medical and elderly care services among the elderly in the community.Community institutions should attach importance to the organic combination of medical and elderly care,and provide personalized medical and elderly care services that can meet the needs of the elderly.
基金项目
昆明市卫生健康委卫生科研项目(2022-16-01-001)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据