摘要
目的 调查分析广东省及省外居民的听力功能状况及影响因素,为预防听力损失提供参考依据.方法 选取2023 年通过互联网和线下参与听力习惯及功能问卷调查的普通居民为调查对象,共收集有效问卷 179 份.分析听力功能损失及相关症状的影响因素.结果 结果显示,有52人(29.05%)经常未注意他人问候,73人(40.78%)听距小于 3 米,71 人(39.66%)需要他人重复说话或加大音量才能听清楚.其中听力功能损失与居住环境、是否常用耳机无关(P>0.05);听力功能损失与年龄、性别、噪音下使用耳机、护耳习惯、饮食、睡眠情况、运动量、起夜情况有关(P<0.05).14 人(7.82%)出现耳鸣,17 人(9.50%)出现耳痛,17 人(9.50%)出现眩晕.听力损失的临床表现与年龄、居住环境、噪音下使用耳机、护耳习惯、饮食、睡眠情况、运动量、用耳机无关(P>0.05);听力损失临床表现与性别、起夜情况有关(P<0.05).结论 听力损失与在噪音环境使用耳机、无护耳习惯、睡眠小于7小时、不运动、饮食以荤为主等不良生活习惯相关.建议有条件的学校、街道办、广大媒体可以加强与听力相关的健康教育.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the auditory functio n status and influencing factors of residents in Guangdong Province and other Provinces,and to provide strategies for preventing hearing loss.Methods In 2023,ordinary residents who participated in the hearing habit and function questionnaire survey through the Internet and offline were selected as the survey objects,and a total of 179 valid questionnaires were collected.To analyze the factors affecting hearing function loss and related symptoms.Results The results showed that 52 people(29.05%)often did not pay attention to others'greetings,73 people(40.78%)heard less than 3 meters,and 71 people(39.66%)needed others to speak repeatedly or increase the volume to hear clearly.Hearing function loss is not related to living environment and commonly used headphones(P>0.05);Hearing function loss is related to age,gender,noise use of headphones,ear protection habits,diet,sleep,exercise,and night onset(P<0.05).14(7.82%)had tinnitus,17(9.50%)had earache,and 17(9.50%)had vertigo.The clinical manifestations of hearing loss were not related to age,living environment,noise use of headphones,ear protection habits,diet,sleep,amount of exercise,and headphones(P>0.05);the clinical manifestations of hearing loss were related to gender and night onset(P<0.05).Conclusion Hearing loss is related to bad living habits such as using headphones in noise environment,no ear protection habit,sleep less than 7 hours,no exercise,and meat-based diet.It is suggested that schools,streets and the media can strengthen health education related to hearing.
基金项目
韶关学院大学生创新创业项目(Sycxcy2023171)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据