To Explain"Beihai(北海)"and"Nanhai(南海)"from Qi Huangong Fachu(《齐桓公伐楚》)
The meaning of"Hai(海)"in"Beihai(北海)"and"Nanhai(南海)"from Qi Huangong Fachu(《齐桓公伐楚》)is not the meaning of the sea,but the meaning of the extremely distant land.In addition,the"Beihai(北海)"and"Nanhai(南海)"do not refer to the present-day Bohai Sea and South Sea,but refer to the extremely distant land of north and south.The cultural background that the"Hai(海)"derives the meaning of extremely distant land from the original meaning of the sea is the cultural concept that"the ancients believed that all around China were sea",and the mechanism that leads to the transfer of referents is metonymy.Through the metonymic mechanism,the term"Hai(海)"has shifted from referring to the sea or the four seas to referring to the extremely distant land adjacent to them in space,and this is also the basis for semantic evolution that"Beihai(北海)"and"Nanhai(南海)"from Qi Huangong Fachu(《齐桓公伐楚》)refer to the extremely distant land of north and south.
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