Value of fecal occult blood test for early screening of colorectal cancer among people undergoing physical examination
Objective To investigate the application value of fecal occult blood immunochemical test(FIT)for early screening of colorectal cancer(CRC)among physical examination population.Methods The healthy people undergoing physical examination in this hospital from September 2017 to September 2020 were selected.The basic data in the subjects with FIT were collected.The subjects were grouped according to whether having neoplasm,FIT detection value,neoplasm diameter and position.The single sample K-S test,Kruskal-Wallis H test and Chi-square test were used for inter-group statistical analysis.The Spearman test was used to analyze the two-variable relationship,and the multi-linear regression model was used to analyze the predictive value of sex,age,neoplasm pathological type,location,diameter and number for FIT.Results A total of 315 patients met FIT＞100 ng/mL and completed the colonoscopic examination,including 19 cases of colorectal cancer(adenocarcinoma),94 cases of adenomatous polyps,59 cases of hyperplastic polyps,and 143 cases of normality and other diseases.The incidence rate of colorectal cancer in men was higher than that in women(X2=15.74,P＜0.01).The average median level of FIT detection values:adenocarcinoma group＞ad-enomatous polyp group＞non-neoplasm group＞hyperplastic polyp group,there was statatistically significant difference among the other groups except the difference between the non-neoplasm group and hyperplastic pol-yp group had no statistical significance(P＜0.05).With the increase of FIT detection level,the proportion of enteroscopic normality and hypertrophic polyps was decreased,and the proportion of adenoma and adenocarci-noma was increased.The median level of neoplasm diameter:tumor group＞adenomatous polyp group＞hy-perplastic polyp group(P＜0.01).With the neoplasm diameter increase,the percentage of hyperplastic polyps was decreased and the proportion of tumors was increased.The incidence rate of left hemi-colon was signifi-cantly higher than that of other parts of the colon(P＜0.01).The two-variable correlation analysis showed that the FIT detection value was positively correlated with the pathologic type,diameter and number of neo-plasm(r=0.291,0.591,0.354,P＜0.01).The multi-linear regression analysis showed that the pathologic type,diameter and number of neoplasm were the independent influencing factors affecting the FIT detection value,and the linear equation was Y=-584.875+319.315X1+264.241X2+109.942 X3(X1,X 2,X 3 re-present the pathologic type,diameter,number respectively).Conclusion FIT can be effectively applied to ear-ly screening of colorectal cancer,and its detection value is positively correlated with the canceration degree and diameter of intestinal tract neoplasm,and the male patients,left hemi-colon and large diameter neoplasm are more likely to have canceration.
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